|
This article is presented in the internation seminar Valmeki Ramayana
Organised by Central Valmeki Sabha, UK.
Aston University Birmingsham (UK)
On 9th-10th April, 2005
LORD VALMEKI
AND
|
[
View Certificate ]
|
|
Sanskrit literature is a big banyan tree and ancient epic Ramayana is
its roots. Veda , Brahman, anarya etc are central parts of this tree and
Mahabharta , Purana Philosophy(Darshana Shastra) are the main trunks of
it. Sanskrit literature is the first ancient literature of the world.
In the renaissance age in the history of civilization and culture it has
no parallel in research in Sanskrit literature in 18 Th centuries. In
1757 a decisive battle was fought at palaasi, which made the east India
Company the ruler of India. In 1783 AD a judge Sir William Jones was
posted in Bengal (Calcutta). He was the first person to propagate the
Sanskrit literature in the west. He established a branch oa "Asiatic
Society". In Calcutta in 1784 and published the English translation of
unique Sanskrit drama "Abhigyan Shakuntlam" by Kalidas. After this jones
translated'Manusimriti'in English. By that time Jones passed away.
After that Henry Thomas (1765-1837AD) carried forward his legacy. In
1806 he published a book 'On the Vedas' on the Vedic subject.
A few years after that the renowned German literature August Wilhelm
Von 'Schlegal' was appointed head of Sanskrit teaching. His brother
Friedrich Schlegel published his Sanskrit book 'Indian Language and
Science'(Bhartiya Bhasha and Vigyan) in 1808. in fact the credit for
writing a book of criticism on Ramayana goes to a German writer
professor Herman Jacobi who published his book Das Ramayana which
introduced the world and the German with Ramayana and Valmeki. In this
series the credit for incomplete of 'Valmeki Ramayana' goes to a
European writer R.T.Grifith.
THE CONTEMPORARY VALMEKI RAMAYANA: -
Shree Rama was born in the third era (Treta Yug) and the writing period
of 'Valmeki Ramayan'is also of that age. But after that interpolation
in the text of Ramayana have been continuing. That is why the famous
writer Chintamani Vinayak Vaidya was compelled to say that "the present
Valmeki Ramayana is not the Ramayana written by the ancient poet Valmeki
even though it has been accepted by the great thinker and linguist
'Katak 'in this very form. Like Mahabharta interpolatin have been
continuing in the Ramayana. In the beginning the story of Ramayana was
limited to the episode of abduction of sita wife of rama by ravana which
resulted in a battle between Rama and Ravana . in the next edition a
few teaching got added to it. By that time a pure historical epic took
the shape of a book preaching which was aimed at education the reads
about the social, ethical and religious duties and to lay down norms
form this purpose. By the time its third version came out this epic of
2005+300-2305 years earlier has become a store of legends.
ATHENTIC VERSIONS OF RAMAYANA: -
In different parts of India three different texts of Ramayana have become as below:-
1.Southern Text
(A) Gujrati Printing Press-Mumbai
(B) Madhavvilas Book Depot -Kumbakonam
2. Gaudily Text
(A)Text by renowned writer
Prof. Gaspara Gorresio-Paris
(B) Sanskrit series - Calcutta
3. North -Western Text
(A)D.A.V College- Lahore
On the basis of these three versions the Oriental Research Institute ,
Baroda has published a Critical Version also based on these texts a
mention of following Ancient Sanskrit Commentaries have also been found
:-
Ancient Sanskrit Commentaries :-
Other works of the great poet Valmeki:-
The great Poet Lord Valmeki wrote the following Twelve books but Ramayana is his most popular creation:-
Aksharlaksh the famous scholar Dr.V.A.K.Ayyar the Director of Bhartiya
vidya Bhavan Banglore has written after research that: - "The great poet
Valmeki has written his book 'Akshrlakshya'on Mathematics which is the
basis of the whole mathematics"
In his book Hindu Shastras and Sanskars page 19 he has mentioned that: -
The first that calls for mention in the encyclopedic shastra which goes
by the name 'Aksharlaksha'. The authorship of this science is
attributed to sage Valmeki. All kinds of mathematics including modern
geometry, algebra, trigonometry, physics or applied mathematics,
mineralogy, hydles, the method of measuring air, heat and even
electricity,geography etc are said to have been treated"
Most of the writer is of the view that sage Valmeki was not only a
linguist but he was also well conversant with the field of jyotish,
music, yoga and sanjeevni. Lord Valmeki was a seer and exponent of true
drama therefore he was called aseer of three ages- past, present,
future.
11. Sri Ramasamvada :-
The mention of all pervasive knowledge of lord Valmeki finds a proof
in his book Sri Ramsamvada. While translating this book into English
Shri Devinder Kamar MA has mentioned that "This ancient book is authored
by Lord Valmeki the writer of Ramayana. Its every Para contains
Ramasamvada written by Sri Valmeki .He further states that "Ramsamvada
is a miniature encyclopedia of the knowledge of the times it was
written. The author appears to be well versed in cosmology, biology,
embryology, physiology, sociology and metaphysics of this item"
Shri Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru Prime Minister of India has written about this book: - Sri Ramsamvada
"This book appears to be an important and interesting one."
On the publication of this book the
famous newspaper the tribune Chandigarh commented: "One of the strongest
books appearing lately on the literary horizon of contemporary India is
Sri Ramsamvada .the book is a complete thesis on Hindu politic, economy
and jurisprudence. This remarkable book is verily a masterpiece of
coherent thinking facile expression and originality of ideological
convictions."
After reading this book Shri
GVKetkar has written: - Had such a book been with the Hindus two
thousands years before India would never have been slave."
Shri M.R.Jyakar has written about
this book: - "Sri Ramasamvada its conniption of the life and moral
values is one. If I may say so I have always valued. I suggest its early
publication."
12.Yoga- Visista Maharamayana :-
The renowned writer PadamShri Dr. Bhikan Lal "Attray" in his book
"Yogvisista aur Upnishad"published by sarswati bhawan studies in 1933
writes :_ "After deep research it has been found that the shalokas of
all the 108 Upanishads or their major part is based on selected shalokas
from Yogvisista besides this out of 700 shalokas of Srimad Bhagvat Gita
263 are found in the Yogavisista MahaRamayana which shows that the main
teaching of gita are based on yogvisista which means it has been given
by Lord Valmeki. "
The meanings of Yogvisista Maharamayana :-
The literal meaning of the work Vyakaran is to split a word into
syllables and to use it as per rules of grammar as laid down by 'Panini'
which is the real touchstone of Sanskrit language. When the words are
written in scrip as per rules of grammar, first of all symbols is
designed for them as A for Apple. The pronunciation of letter A is
similar in thousand of languages but their scripts become different. The
shape of the script is the symbol of the letter and it is accepted that
this written symbol is to be pronounced in that particular way. The
meaning of a word does not depend on its reader for it the writer has
already fixed a meaning the same meaning is construed of that word. But
the fact of meaning does not depend on shape but on its sound. This is
the basic principle of grammar throughout the world .
If the words Yogavisista Maha Ramayana split then the Yoga +
Visista and Maha+Ramayana that means Yog is union or combination.
The existence of the whole
universe is not the subject matter of Mind and tongue as there was no
living being in the beginning of this universe the reason for this
creation is not known. The book containing teachings as regards the life
and emancipation (Nirvana) of the living being is called Philosophy.
According to Sage Yagyavalkya the
meeting of the creation an the creation and the creator is yog or union
This is the only sources of supreme Bliss the attainment of the light
of the creator :-
"Sansarottrne yuktiryashabdein kathyte"
(6/1-13-3)
Which means that the book which teaches the way of making the creation to meet the creator or guides for Nirvana is Yog:-
"Sanyogon yoga ityukto jivatm prmtmno"
For this the yog has been used in the name of this book.
Visista = special outstanding ;
Indian philosophy is flowing in many steams but the aim of all is only
achieving self relisatiois Nirvana; The book that guides the human
being in giving up all the wordly attachments and helps in self
realization is visista i.e. outstanding. Therefore this book is called
Visista. Therefore the word meaning outstanding union has been given to
this book.
Maha = reat wonderful :- Somebody may fee the path yoga hard one where
as for others the path of learning (Gyan)may be difficult but sage
Valmeki has said for the welfare of the human being that to practice
determination of learning (gyan nischay) is simpler. The knowledge of
this wonder is great or wonderful thing and the book which teaches the
essence of this principle is really great or wonderful. It means
Yogvisista Maharamayana is really a great and wonderful book.
Ramayana: - The word means "A book which explains the meaning of the real truth" The book is ramya meaning Ramayana;
"Adhikamsamvarn shrutimdivyamdrishti
Va prapye ramyamkavyamkritvant ityartha"
(Mantar - Ramayana)
It means that through his eternal
vision the sage Valmeki wrote Ramayan (beautiful) - this beautiful
book. Therefore it is established that:-
YogaVisista Maharamayana is correct name for this book. Numerous
writers have written research papers on YogaVisista of sage Valmeki of
these some prominent names are as below: -
Yogvisista Literature
(A) Dr. Bhikhan Lal Attry's works
1. Yogvisista and its philosophy
2. The philosophy of the Yogvisista
3. Image of Visista
4. Gaurpaad and Vashishta
5. Sri Visista Darshan
6. YogVisistameinBhagvatGita (BhagwatGitin
Yogvisista)
7 . Yogvisista Aur Uske Sidhhanat (Yogvisista and its principles)
8. Yogvisista and modern thougt
9 . Definition of man
(B) Book written by Dr. Surrener Nath Dass are as below :
1.A history of the Indian Philosophy
2. Indian idealism philosophy
(C) V. Sadanand's Works :The essence of Yogavisista
(D) Dr. J.R.Farukhhar's book. An outline of religious literature of India
(E) Dr. M.Vinternitz's works Goethe Dares Indian Literature
(F)Prof. Shiv Kumar Bhattacharya's Yogavisista Ramayana its place and time of writing.
(G) Dr. T.G Minekar's. The Visista raw study
H) Dr.J.N.Boss's. Yogvisista Ramayana
(I)Dr.IrmaSchotsman Laghuyogavasistha selections.
In addition to the above-mentioned books a large number of books and
commentaries in different languages are also available. if the Indian
literature is tidied impartially then the scholars of the world will
find Yogvisista ma and Valmeki Ramayana to be wonderful book because
Valmeki ram provides guidance to he whole human society to lead a better
life and the yog ram guides the human society with spiritual knowledge
viz. to understand the spirit and the god to know the god and to
assimilate in the god. The literature written by the ancient poet, Lord
Valmeki is wonderful important effective unblemished eternal and
sustaining. This literature establishes a spirit of brotherhood by
ending egoist ill will enmity etc. therefore the whole humanity should
study the literature of lord Valmeki
Dr. Dev Singh Assur
Valmeki Research Centre.
Sangrur- 148001 (PB), India
|
No comments:
Post a Comment